My Movie Script :: Movie Scripts

My Movie Script It was 1925, when the convictions of ordinary ladies and people were still amazingly out of date contrast with the convictions they have now. The fundamental character was a 18 years of age lesbian named Sam (short for Samantha) Johnson, who was from a common laborers family that lived in New York City. Her mother was a sweatshop laborer, and her father got trash professionally. She had 7 siblings and sister since her folks didn't have confidence in conception prevention (moreover, anti-conception medication pills didn't exist at that point). Her family lived in a minuscule one-room loft in the Harlem locale, and they lived everyday, check to check. Since the time Sam was a small kid, she had been infatuated with the sport of baseball. She adored everything without exception about baseball. She would gather baseball cards, get ball games on t.v, and read everything on her preferred baseball crew, the Yankees. She got her first homerun stick and glove when she was 16, she got the cash by gathering soft drink jars and returning them to reusing place for cash. It took her right around 3 years to get the slugging stick and gloves, and she could just bear the cost of the least expensive kind. She was a stupendous baseball player, which was amazing on the grounds that she had never taken any exercises. I get it is her blessing. Regularly after the finish of school, she would go to a baseball field behind her home to play baseball with her companions. The vast majority of her companions were young men; she didn't have one single young lady companion. Sam had consistently realized that she was a lesbian, however she didn't come out to her folks till she was 16. Her folks were stunned from the outset, yet now they acknowledged her for what her identity was. Sam hadn't educated any of her companions regarding her being gay since she didn't think it was any of their concern. It had been a deep rooted dream of Sam to join a significant alliance baseball crew, however she r ealized that she expected to complete secondary school first. In June of 1925, Sam at long last moved on from secondary school. She disclosed to her folks that she needed to go for a significant alliance baseball crew. One of the primary reasons was that Sam had would have liked to win cash to help bolster her family. She realized how hard her folks had functioned, and she understood she expected to contribute in one manner.

Dietary Behaviours and Academic Achievement †Assignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Dietary Behaviors and Academic Achievement. Answer: Presentation: Breakfast is a significant supper, which stimulates individuals for doing the essential assignments in a productive and powerful way (O'Neil et al., 2014). In this lays the fittingness of the idiom, Have breakfast like a lord. The citation lines up with the customary shows identified with the significance of eating (Clayton James, 2016). If there should arise an occurrence of youngsters additionally, this citation holds equivalent significance. It is the guardians obligation to guarantee that the youngsters have appropriate breakfast before setting off to the schools. In any case, resting for additional hours and rising late are the grounds, which force the kids to avoid the most significant dinner of the day (Burrows et al, 2017). In any case, it is seen that a portion of the kids, while going to class, get an apple or a sandwich to eat in transit (O'Donovan, Berman Wierenga, 2015). This breaks the idea of eating with the relatives. Be that as it may, in the 21st century, a large portion of the guardians are working, which denies the offspring of nutritious breakfast. It is at this stage, the schools need to take solid and adaptable obligation with respect to the sustenance of the kids (Turner Wilks, 2016). Failure of the guardians to give appropriate nourishment to the kids requires the schools to assume this liability. As it is an issue of the improvement of the kids, oriental methodology has adaptability to yield positive outcomes. Advancement of a structure for advancing towards the presentation of Breakfast Programs in schools would assist the specialists with ensuring the prosperity and appropriate improvement of the youngsters during formative stages itself. The Australian Government has attempted numerous activities to fill the nourishment hole in the life of the youngsters (Testa, 2014). One such activity is the School Breakfast Program. A gathering of understudies coming to schools without any morning meals frightened the administration authorities in regards to the sustenance of the kids (Nepper Chai, 2015). The consequence of this was the presentation of School Breakfast Program (Harvey et al., 2015). The motivation behind the program was to guarantee that every single youngster have an equivalent access to nutritious breakfast each day (Turner Wilks, 2016). The schools enlisted under this program are provided with quality canned natural product juice, wheat scones, oats, vegemite, spaghetti, canned prepared beans and milk, which is warmed at 135 degree Celsius and 275 degree Fahrenheit (O'Neil et al., 2014). Alongside this, the schools likewise get supplies of bread, new organic products, vegetables and yogurt (O'Neil et al., 2014). These projects have inspired the status of the beneath neediness level youngsters (Varela et al., 2014). Employments of School Breakfast Program So as to guarantee the prosperity of the network kids, Sunset school at Mount Isa in north-west of Queensland has propelled a sustenance program (Testa, 2014). The primary goal of this program was to build the participation level among the understudies. 13% acceleration in the participation of the understudies mirrors the satisfaction of the predefined objective (Testa, 2014). Accomplishing this target inside a limited capacity to focus 2 years incorporates the cognizant methodology of the school specialists towards the advancement of the network kids (Testa, 2014). Tea is one of the principle things in the morning meal menu, which is set up for the understudies (Testa, 2014). The understudies can appreciate solid breakfast, which is without any charges (Testa, 2014). The available resources embraced by the school specialists reflect network administration to the all the grown-ups and youngsters inside a low financial foundation, independent of their position, statement of faith, shading and religion (Testa, 2014). This sort of structure extends a confirmed response to the proposed explanation. Abatement in the paces of illnesses and truants have improved the scholastic execution of the kids, this is because of the heightening in the evaluation levels (Harvey et al., 2015). As per the factual information, one of every seven Australian youngsters goes to class without eating. The reactions gave by 16,100 kids constrained the Australia Bureau of Statistics (ABS) work force to offer this expression (O'Neil et al., 2014). Considering this study report, the confirmation with respect to the proposed articulation achieves most extreme significance. 15.2% of the examples don't eat, which has unfavorably influenced the scholastic execution (O'Neil et al., 2014). Taking into account this condition, advancement of a solid and adaptable structure for presenting breakfast plans may acquire observable enhancements the scholastics for the understudies. Oriental methodology towards the advancement of this structure would help the school specialists to accomplish positive results. For this, budgetary stock should be theorized, which would bring about the presentation of the solid and nutritious plans for the youngsters. Countering this, thought of the measurements with respect to the kids skipping breakfast accomplishes an essential position. Counter contending this, looking over the guardians about their inclinations for the morning meal things. The study distributed by ABS can fill in for instance for the school specialists (Testa, 2014). Alongside this, the school specialists need to think about the dietary limits of the kids and its effect on their wellbeing (Testa, 2014). As indicated by the report distributed by the South Australian government authorities, an egg and bacon biscuit has 1500 kilojoules (kJ) (Testa, 2014). In this manner, if the grade school understudies are furnished with egg and bacon biscuit in their morning meal, they would be invigorated and can focus on their investigations. A couple of serving of the egg and bacon biscuit is okay for the understudies. Customary serving would make the youngsters large, going about as an obstruction in their scholastic foundation (Clayton James, 2016). Despite what might be expected, if the kids are presented with a bowl of cornflakes with milk and top it with slashed organic product pieces, it has enough calories, which would give vitality to the youngsters and increment their fixation levels (O'Neil et al., 2014) The significance of formative issue, if there should be an occurrence of the youngsters mirrors the requirement for exploring different avenues regarding various types of breakfast alternatives for the kids. Nonetheless, it should be guaranteed that the nature of the supper stays unblemished. Something else, the youngsters would get the dinner, yet not the supplements required for their turn of events. Absence of awareness toward this path would drive the eventual fate of the kids into dim, scrutinizing the job of the schools and guardians regarding guaranteeing the prosperity of the youngsters (O'Donovan, Berman Wierenga, 2015). Review it from the other point of view, cognizant and discerning methodology towards the advancement of structure lines up with the setting approach, which would help the school specialists to lead the understudies towards an appropriate turn of events, care and sustenance (Nepper Chai, 2015). References Tunnels, T., Goldman, S., Olson, R. K., Byrne, B., Coventry, W. L. (2017). Relationship between chose dietary practices and scholastic accomplishment: An investigation of Australian school matured children.Appetite,116, 372-380. Clayton, D. J., James, L. J. (2016). The impact of breakfast on hunger guideline, vitality equalization and exercise performance.Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,75(3), 319-327. Harvey-Golding, L., Donkin, L. M., Blackledge, J., Defeyter, M. A. (2015). All inclusive free school breakfast: a subjective model for breakfast behaviors.Frontiers in open health,3. Nepper, M. J., Chai, W. (2015). Leafy foods Intake and Dietary Patterns of Preadolescents Attending Schools in the Midwest.Journal of Child Nutrition Management,39(2), n2. O'Donovan, R., Berman, N., Wierenga, A. (2015). How schools can move past exclusion.International Journal of Inclusive Education,19(6), 645-658. O'Neil, C. E., Byrd-Bredbenner, C., Hayes, D., Jana, L., Klinger, S. E., Stephenson-Martin, S. (2014). The job of breakfast in wellbeing: definition and rules for a quality breakfast.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,114(12), S8-S26. Testa, D. (2014). What do essential understudies state about school-based social work programmes?.International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education,27(4), 490-508. Turner, A., Wilks, J. (2016). A spot for food in Australian schools: a socio-authentic audit of food education.International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 1-14. Varela, P., Antnez, L., Cadena, R. S., Gimnez, An., Ares, G. (2014). Attentional catch and significance of bundle traits for buyers' apparent similitudes and contrasts among items: A contextual investigation with breakfast grain packages.Food look into international,64, 701-710.

Using Examples of Conclusion in Synthesis Essay Examples

Using Examples of Conclusion in Synthesis Essay ExamplesThe second idea to look at in synthesis essay examples is how to explain your conclusions. In writing an essay, the last idea or subject that you should think about is why you are writing this essay in the first place.You must have a reason for writing the paper, and the reason must be your own interpretation. Writing an essay in synthesis cannot be just something that you 'take out of thin air.' As a student you must understand that the purpose of writing the essay is to make your point.You have to explain what is meant by a conclusion in your final paragraph. There are two ways that you can do this. You can state the conclusion that you want to make with a link to where it came from in the argument or if you cannot do that, you can say what you mean by a conclusion. Just be sure that you answer the question of what comes next, and what comes next you must give examples of how a conclusion was reached, how a conclusion is used or both.The second way to state a conclusion is to use the word,'... in part 'or'... in part, besides.' This way you are stating a fact, but it still can be interpreted. For example, in your conclusion you may say that your premise was that a certain sport had been exploited in an unhealthy way. You may state that it was exploited because of the consumption of steroids by athletes in that sport.By saying that your conclusion was that steroids were abused in the sports, you are still using your own interpretation of the conclusion as a basis for the rest of your essay. You must show why your conclusion was reached by quoting how the conclusion was reached or even using a direct quote.Or you can explain that you reached your conclusion through the use of evidence that supported your argument. One important thing that you need to remember about citing results is that they are not written in front of you and that you have to look at your examples carefully. You need to be able to write a conclusion that is correct and logical, and that is a technique that many students are not aware of.There are several good essay examples in synthesis that show what to do with conclusions. Just by looking at these examples you will be able to see how to develop the discussion further and to avoid common mistakes. Following these ideas can help you become a better essay writer, and you will also be able to understand what is acceptable when writing a conclusion in your essay.It is very easy to state your conclusion with these examples, but you also need to know how to find examples so that you can use them in your own writing. Following these ideas will help you get the most out of your synthesis essay. They will help you improve your writing.

Electoral CollegeThings That Should Be Made - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1346 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/28 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Electoral College Essay Did you like this example? What to do with the Electoral College The President of the United States is well known to be elected by the Electoral College and not directly by the people. However, some 21st century voters may be amazed to learn that when they enter a setting to select their candidate for president, they actually cast a ballot for representatives that vote on their behalf. These selected representatives are known as the Electoral College. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Electoral College:Things That Should Be Made" essay for you Create order Every time a candidate who does not win the most popular votes is elected President, opponents of the Electoral College call for his abolition and supporters praise his advantages. I believe however, that the electoral college is unnecessary in current times, and inspires unrest in society during voting seasons- inducing the questioning of civilian voices and rights through due federalism and democracy. The electoral college assured the smaller states that their voices would be noticed and that they would still earn presidential campaigns. Otherwise, the candidates would certainly focus on massive states in a popular election campaign, where you can win many votes at a time. Except for one large flaw that was added within this system, and thatrs the winner-takes-all process: the candidate that assumes the popular vote in a state, even by a one vote, gets all electoral votes. Most of the people involved in the ECrs design presumably thought it would be improved upon in the future since laws of the legislature can reform it quite easily. Assuming this, we could develop any number of means to choose our electors. So, it exists because it has never been changed since prior times. This in turns leaves us stuck with the current system, and thus springs forth conspiracies and adamant debates on its irrationality. One main feature sought to be promising at first, but is now a major drawback, is the winner-takes-all phenomenon. This rule creates a balance, which it produces inconsistent results, indiscriminately advantages or disadvantages groups of voters, and contributes to political misbehavior. Katherine Florey states that The degree to which the winner-take-all system heightens the risk of a popular-electoral split is a significant problem†one that occasioned bipartisan concern in the years before the 2000 election (Florey 345). Furthermore, even though these splits may seem atypical, they bring severe political consequences most notably the depression of votes from strongly affiliated voter groups such as African Americans and students (Florey 351). However, I do not disagree with the philosophical opposing views of the electoral college. In some lights, there are good reasons to preserve the current system- such as the dissemination of political power to the population versus the popular ballot. Also, states can choose how to elect their representatives; this indicates a fair federalist cause. However, talk of reform spurs from the ideal of a pure- democratic ballot that goes from the poll to the candidate. Supporters can counter this though, mainly because states can enfranchise the direct popular vote for or against the candidates they elect to represent them. However, Derek T. Muller voices that If the Electoral College were reformed to give the winner of a national popular vote the presidency, states would still control who votes and who does not (Muller 1241). For instance, various factors may play a role in that voting process such as felon status, age, mental stability, or alien status (Muller 1241). Therefore, there wil l always be an incongruity with the population and number of ballots in the states. Personally, I believe there may be better methods to change the way presidents are elected. Rather than abolishing the electoral college, it can be amended so that the rights of all voters are safeguarded and kept equivalent on a national scale. The majority rule scenario would impose checks and balances on the government during the voter season, but sometimes the majority can become an overwhelming power. Thus, both sides have their drawbacks when political power is the topic, so there needs to be a compromise- even if it calls for another amendment. An example of the electoral collegers injustice is the fact that some districts cannot participate. Benjamin Bolinger quotes that Despite the fact that residents of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands are US, citizens, they are completely excluded from the Electoral College system, Puerto Rico alone has a population of 3,808,610. Upon adding this figure to the population of the other territories, one finds that over four million c itizens are not represented in the Electoral College (Bolinger 180). The only objective that would be achieved by abolishing or reforming the Electoral College is to choose a president who best replicates the will of the majority of the United States. The majority of the country has sought to remove the electoral college for the past 50 years (Gringer 186). However, constitutionality and the amendment process has slowed and even halted the decision numerous times. But citizens agree that the college must go, as it is not fair for two- thirds of Americans to be laid aside in the voting process. There is a pro for every con of each system. In arguments for the electoral college it diminished the influence of large population centers. It reduced the influence of the uneducated rabble allowing states to send each partyrs handpicked elites to the electoral college. The fact that we are not political experts is another reason why the college was created. It serves to sift through the robust noise we generate when voting. Choosing for the majority may seem like a genuine route to take. However, as I mentioned before, not all citizens are represented within the system. Also, within this system, how fair is this electoral vote? Is it even an accurate calculation process or is it half-baked? Can electoral votes be bargained for at some level? There are also limited precedents establishing the local percentages of the states population that cannot vote, contrary to its population size. I would refer to the current system as meager federalism. It does not seem as genuine as a pure vote, let alone the majority voice. According Paul Boudreaux, First, delegates argued that the people simply were not even qualified to vote for the president of the United States (Boudreaux 200). Furthermore, government officials still believe that we lack the capacity to decide who becomes chief executive, and our vote is roughly 66 percent counted. The citizens of America have long believed that the power of determining how electors are to be selected belongs to the people and not the states. Finally, Jack N. Rakove has a premise in which one might agree: The larger the share of electors that corresponds to the membership of the House, the more the senatorial bump is diluted. This proposal could be defended and rendered attractive on grounds that would not be limited to the composition of the electoral college (Ravoke 26). It seems like more politically reasonable action to take in terms of the majority without attracting too much political power. Rather than selecting a handful of electors to vote for us helpless ballot casters, we should consider disassembling the electoral college, and then reassembling it to better suit the ideals of federalism, fairness, and the voice of all the citizens in the United States. Works Cited Bolinger, Benjamin. Point: Abolishing the Electoral College. International Social Science Review, vol. 82, no. 3/4, 2007, pp. 179-82. Academic Search Complete. Accessed 3 Dec. 2018. Boudreaux, Paul. The Electoral College and Its Meager Federalism. Marquette Law Review, vol. 88, no. 2, Fall 2004, pp. 195-249. Academic Search Complete. Accessed 3 Dec. 2018. Florey, Katherine. Losing Bargain: Why Winner- Take-All Vote Assignment Is the Electoral Colleges Least Defensible Feature. Case Western Reserve Law Review, vol. 68, no. 2, Winter 2017, pp. 317-95. Academic Complete. Accessed 3 Dec. 2018. Gringer, David. Why the National Popular Vote Plan Is the Wrong Way to Abolish the Electoral College. Columbia Law Review, vol. 108, no. 1, Jan. 2008, pp. 182-230. Academic Search Complete. Accessed 3 Dec. 2018. Muller, Derek T. Invisible Federalism and the Electoral College. Arizona State Law Journal, vol. 44, no. 3, Fall 2012, pp. 1237-92. Academic Search Complete. Accessed 3 Dec. 2018. Rakove, Jack N. Presidential Selection: Electoral Fallacies. Political Science Quarterly (Academy of Political Science), vol. 119, no. 1, Spring 2004, pp. 21-37. Academic Search Complete. Accessed 3 Dec. 2018.

Film Genres Free Essay Example, 2000 words

In that respect, it is clear that the horror film is a reactionary genre since it provides an easy access into the unknown and scary world in which viewers are able to experience fear without really being in any danger themselves. Precisely, the horror film is reactionary because it relies on the fear of the unknown, people’s most dreaded nightmares and its primary goal is to defeat the irrational and destructive forces in people’s chaotic world. The fear, panic, worry, among other emotional reactions elicited by the horror film are its intended outcomes and driving force; in the end, the horror film allows its viewers to return to a state of normalcy feeling victorious over the invasion of monsters. The combination of sci-fi and visual special effects in the 1980s redefined the horror film as a reactionary genre, with the gruesome imaginations of viewers and filmmakers producing compounded effects owing to the greater possibilities of depicting the improbable. Within the 1980’s social context of materialistic attitude and material progress as a measure of societal value, the horror film came out strongly to address the issue of gender representations, portraying male monsters as well as the fears and anxieties of men while contrasting males with strong independent women (Dozier 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Film Genres or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Precisely, the horror films in this period present tales of unfriendly killers keen on revenging various misdeeds pursuing their sexual pervasions (Buxton 2009); in that respect, the 1980’s horror film is a reactionary genre because of its vengeful monsters. Up to date, as in many cases of the 1980’s horror films, the monsters in horror films represent alter egos or superego characters that seek to avenge the progressive sexual liberation or freedom of the females in society. Horror and gender As an unsettling film genre, the horror film seeks to upset its viewers by undermining the universal ideas and notions of real life, including societal norms to with gender and sexuality (Wright 2010); horror’s threat to normalcy and the inclination to assault conventional gender roles and morals are directly linked to the monster.

Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House - 2479 Words

Ibsen’s A Doll’s House: A parallel and a contrast style of Nora and Mrs. Linde A Doll s House is a play by Henrik Ibsen. Ibsen is Norwegian playwright, and Ibsen was born in 1828 in Skien, a town in the Norway. Also, Henrik Ibsen is a famous Norwegian playwright, theatre director, and poet, and Henrik Ibsen is often considered as â€Å"the father† of modern theater and one of the founders of Modernism in the theatre. In this play, Ibsen makes many hints about the roles of society and how the female gender was treated at the time. From this play, Ibsen believed about the roles of society, equality between males and females, and the idea of feminism. In the play, the main characters pretend to be someone who others would like them to be, instead†¦show more content†¦Since, she has had to work to take care of her sickly mother and two small brothers because her husband died. Then, her mother has died, and her brothers are grown up and have their own lives. Mrs. Linde is free lady now. In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House, even though Nora and Mrs. Linde are both brave, their attitudes toward money, their problems in their marriages, and their views on independence show that they look at life from different perspectives. Nora and Mrs. Linde are both brave women. Nora is brave because she does things typical women did not do. When Torvald was sick in the past, Nora illegally borrowed money for the trip that needed to save Torvald’s life was forced to take a loan from a rich man known as Mr. Krogstad. She told Torvald that the money had come from her father. For years, Nora has worked and saved in secret, and she slowly repaid the debt to be fully repaid. However, she is still brave, but she forged the signature in the past. Also, It is impressive that Nora was able to get the loan as Nora’s friend, Mrs. Linde, remarks â€Å"a wife can’t borrow [money] without her husband’s consent† (Ibsen 30). This implies Nora is not completely a money loving person who just follows every instruction given by her husband, but she is a brave, willing, and determined individual who does what is needed for the best of her loved ones. Additionally, when Torvald finds out of the debt and Nora’s forgery, Nora leaves the

Breathing Innovation into Shoes Case Analysis free essay sample

Introduction Geox is an Italian shoe and clothing company that started in 1995. Its products are available through over 10,000 stores around the world. The founder of the company, Mario Moretti Polegato, has built a company by offering a world an innovative concept of â€Å"shoes that breathe.† The companys brand-named shoe technology combines vented soles with breathable membranes that allow humidity and heat to escape while still providing protection from the elements. Product lines include casual and dress shoes for men and women, as well as childrens shoes. Geox has also adapted its technology for use in jackets and coats. Today, Geox holds the position of a second largest manufacturer of casual footwear market, but it is choosing the right strategy to improve its positions in other markets, renew its products while staying competitive. SWOT analysis In order to set specific growth objectives for Geox, first, we need to evaluate the company’s current position. We used SWOT analysis to determine the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Strengths: Patented innovative technology, constant focus on research and development Cross-market positioning for products Brand recognition A growing presence on international markets Vast distribution network Optimized production Weaknesses: High cost of research and development Patent protection costs Opportunities: New-product development to attract new customers Expansion to new markets Diversifying the production to include sports footwear Partnerships Threats: Highly competitive industry Other companies’ similar technology development Economy and demand fluctuations Instable political climate Goals Reaching the leading position in the casual lifestyle market Differentiating the product line Expanding to emerging markets Developing new products Growth Strategies Overall, first half of 2009 was successful, and currently the company has $133.9 million of free cash flow to reinvest in future growth. 1. Continue expansion to China China is the second largest footwear consumer, following the US. And if the US footwear market is over saturated and highly competitive, which implies that in order to reach the customer, Geox would have to invest huge amounts of money in distribution and marketing. China, on the other hand, is an extremely attractive market that requires less investment and offers bigger outcomes. Furthermore, 95% of the production facilities are located in China, which ensures relatively fast and inexpensive distribution to the retailers in the Republic. European plants contribute only 5% of the output of the production, so it would be efficient to relocate those plants to China. 2. Expand to other emerging markets Such countries as India, Asia Pacific, Brazil and Russia are the other attractive markets for future expansion. They are some of the top footwear consumers, and rising incomes among the population of those countries ensure affordability, and therefore, the demand for Geox products. Thus, Geox is interested in future partnerships with department stores in those countries, as well as opening its own single-brand stores. 3. Focus on the casual lifestyle footwear In order to keep the leading position and to secure high profits, the company has to progress in this direction and not to shift from it completely as it risks losing its loyal customers who are the main sources of profit. Casual footwear is the biggest and fastest-growing product segment, and by 2009, Geox was second largest casual lifestyle sector operator with 31.9% percent increase over the previous year, which also makes it the fastest-growing company in this particular market. The leading casual footwear producer, Clarks, had experienced only 9.7% growth over the year. Therefore, there is an opportunity to get a bigger market share and take the dominating position in the casual lifestyle footwear market. 4. Find its own niche in sports footwear Geox has all the resources to continue developing its sportswear line. Biggest competition, companies Nike and Adidas together control nearly 60% of the athletic footwear market. Their budgets are higher than those of Geox, and they put all of their resources towards promoting and distributing only products designed for sports and active lifestyle. Eventually, in order to successfully enter the sport footwear market, Geox would have to find some support from athlete celebrities or well-performing sports teams to endorse its products. It does not necessarily have to be in the form of flashy marketing campaigns as it contradicts with company’s values, but it could be done in the form of sponsoring the events, teams, or single persons. As both sportswear leaders are American companies and focus primarily on US athletes, Geox could partner with someone representing European sports. Innovation and breathability are company’s main strengths; so high-intensity sports like racing would be a perfect match. 5. Invest in the new product lines Geox positions itself as a producer of innovative â€Å"breathable† products. Moreover, the company is aware that this is not enough to appeal to consumer, so it ensures that its shoes follow the fashion trends. For that matter, Geox employs the best Italian designers. So far, that has been a successful move that gained a lot of loyalty from more fashion-conscious buyers. Therefore, Geox could develop a new line for high-end formal wear. The other Italian brand and one of the competitors operating in that segment, Ferragamo, has shown a significant increase in sales and profits over the last few years, so there are a lot of opportunities in competing in this market. In order to do that, the company might need to develop a signature look, to add some other distinctive design features to the shoes, to develop a line of products on the cutting edge of both technology and fashion. 6. Continue research and development Innovation is a key competitive advantage of Geox, so as the competition is aware of that, Geox has to constantly come up with something new and add more and more unique features to stay on top of the game.

7 cities with the shortest work commutes

7 cities with the shortest work commutes Lots of things factor into your decision making when you’re searching for a new job, and everyone has their own unique list of criteria to consider. You’ll look at everything from job title and responsibilities to salary, perks, location, opportunities for growth, and more when you’re deciding if a job opening is potentially a good one for you. After all, a new job is a major life commitment! One element most people think about when deciding whether or not a potential job opportunity is right for them is the length of the commute. After all, you already devote a significant amount of your waking hours to work, so how much extra time you spend getting to and from your job matters.According to a recent TIME article, the average commute is just around 25 minutes each way, and it has a surprising number of effects on your health- difficult commutes negatively affect your mood, happiness, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels. They also lead to spikes in anxiety and dep ression, and can even lower your immunity and make you more susceptible to illness.While a  commute-free job opportunity is ideal (the rise of telecommuting is actually making this possible for many people), if you do have to leave the house to go to work, most of us, if given the choice, would opt for as short of a commute as possible.The truth is, not all cities and commutes are created equal. Some cities are much more manageable and efficient in terms of average commute time, while others will leave you navigating an endless time-draining maze each day. Let’s take a look at seven of the cities with the shortest work commutes, based on data compiled by the U.S. Census Bureau and individual reporting of average number of minutes spent traveling from home to work each day.Cheyenne, Wyoming- this city ranked #1 on the list of shortest work commutes, with the average worker spending approximately 13.7 minutes to get to work each day.Columbia, South Carolina- following right b ehind is this #2 ranked short-commute city, where the average person spends about 15.1 minutes to get to work each day.Fargo, North Dakota- folks who work in this #3 ranked city have pretty manageable work commutes, which average at just around 15.5 minutes.Lubbock, Texas- if you’re looking for a short commute you can’t do very much better than Lubbock; the average work commute is right about 15.9 minutes each way.Charleston, West Virginia- in addition to being the state capital, Charleston is also home to pretty tolerable commute times, which average just around 16.3 minutes each way.Sioux Falls, South Dakota- save time for the rest of the things going on in your life by working in this short-commute city, where the average worker spends around 16.7 minutes to get to work every day.Billings, Montana- last but not least on our list of top cities with the shortest average commute is Billings, where the average person uses just 17.5 minutes of each day to get to work.The re you have it- seven cities that are known for having typically short commute times. If a short commute is important to you- and with all of the evidence regarding how it affects your mental and physical well being it probably should be- consider pursuing job opportunities in these locations.

Evacuation of Children Essay Example

Evacuation of Children Essay Example Evacuation of Children Essay Evacuation of Children Essay Source A is a picture taken of evacuees walking towards a station in 1938. The people are in London, where the most amount of people evacuated out of Britains major cities. The faces of the children are happy and optimistic as though they are looking forward to this process. The source, however, does not indicate whether the picture was teken by the government for use as propanganda. Everyone in the photograph are waving and looking at the same point into the camera which could mean they were ordered to pose like that. Source B is an interview held in 1988 with a teacher who was evacuated with children during the Second World war. This account gives a more relistic feel on how it moust have felt for mothers to be sepertaed from their children The children were too afraid to talk, Mothers werent allowed with us the atmosphere then would have felt uneasy for the children, as the rush into evacuation made children feel confused and unsure where their planned destination would be. The evacuation process was very formal We put the children on the train and the gates closed behind us and mothers didnt know how to act as the majority didnt have a clue where their children were off to and when they were going to see their children again. Source C is an extract from a novel about evacuees. As it is fiction, we do not know whether to interpret the story as being true. The novel could have been partly based on true accounts from evacuees. The source begins with Not a speck of dust anywhere as though this was a shocked reactionfrom the children about the cleanliness of their new home. People from the city were stereotyped as being poor and unhygenic. The children in the novel are taken in by a hostess who clearly knows nothing about the city life, Im sorry, how silly of me, why should you have slippers? she is casting her prejudice thoughts before the children can offer an explanation. Some foster parents thought that children would bring diesease into their home, as most evacuees where poorer children from the larger industrial cities. Source D is an advertisement issued by the government in 1940. it appeals for more people in Scotland to provide homes for evacuee children. There is a picture of a typical blond, British girl and boy, with large smiles on their faces and a large quote follows, Thank you foster Parents We want more like you! giving thankfullness and praise if adults followed the appeal. the advertisement has been written in a formal style, even discussing the fact that looking after these children would be Extra work. Taking in evacuees was seen by adults as helping the war effort To share in the present task and to be ready for any crisis that may come. The idea of loving the children doesnt seem to be an issue. It is as though it is more of a hassle that others have to face with and work together to feel as thought they are helping the war. Source E is an interview with a parent in May 1940. It is clear he lives in the city as he explains he does not want his son to go to The Shires as They were already starving before the war The father has stereotyped people fromt he countryside, beliving that there would be no facilities or knowledge for looking after his son appropriately. This resistance of letting his son go could be his inner feelings of fear for he may not be able to see his son again well, what if I got killed? Who would look after him then? The parents really loved their children and used whatever excuse they could to advoid the parternal seperation. Source F is an account from a Londoner who was evacuated in June 1940, from South London to Barnstaple in Devonshire, I think our foster mother found us a bit hard to understand with our somewhat more worldly outlook and ways. I am grateful to her for taking us in as it could not have been easy to handle two lively young strangers, and we were warm and comfortable and well fed at all times. This quote shows the general feeling of evacuation as most cases were left with a positive note. People understood that they were helping the war effort and felt even though this was hard work, it was easier to deal with because the whole nation was going through the same process,

Performence and reward answers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Performence and reward answers - Essay Example als include â€Å"high volunteer retention level†, the â€Å"where the company’s going† it could do that by defining appropriate processes, the â€Å"how the company’s going to get there†. These could include award ceremonies to recognize and reward good performers, or set policies on how to conduct appraisals of performance. Finally, the â€Å"Content Level†, or the â€Å"what† needed to achieve the goal, for these could simply include managing difficult behavior of the volunteers or setting their goals. This approach is followed by companies throughout the world, including Microsoft. In the review process, a rater or raters evaluate the performance of the employees. All employees are given goals and targets to achieve. These expected results are compared with the actual results and the individual employee is evaluated based on the targets he could achieve or perhaps, exceed. This performance appraisal is a good source of motivation for employees when salary increases, bonuses, etc. are tied with it. It builds up a sense of trust between the employees and the employers and encourages employees to work harder and more efficiently. (Bauer & Erdogan, 1969) However, it is also possible that the appraisal process backfires. If it is not done accurately and the right kind of work and employees are not appreciated, employees would be highly frustrated and de-motivated resulting in dissatisfaction, low morale, and high turnover rate. (Bauer & Erdogan, 1969) There are theories that relate to the needs that employees have and it is important for managers and organizations as whole to understand these needs and cater to them. The Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory talks about the five differnet levels of needs for individuals and how these needs act as motivators for them (Wagner). The five levels, starting from the bottom, are psychological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization. Once a level is achieved by an individual, those

Cambridge Tourism Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cambridge Tourism - Case Study Example According to the United kingdoms economic development strategy, tourism is a very critical factor in the initiative to improve economy. Currently, tourism sector in the UK provide employment to about 7% of the working population. In the year 1999, the UK government received over 25.4 million tourists from overseas and consequently earned about 123 million trips in England (Beech & Chadwick 2006). Research has indicated that in 1999, east England received over14.8 million trips of over night stay and 7% of these stayed in Cambridgeshire while 27% were overseas tourists. The number of visitors from the Cambridge city has been increasing over time as indicated that in the 1999 findings. That same year, about 4.1 million visitors were from Cambridge a number that was higher that anticipated or even compared to previous years (Davidson 1998). The increase was attributed to the changes made to the day's visits by the culture department to include the visitors from outside the local area bu t who were regular visitors coming to shop of for leisure trips. The number of people staying for over night visits has also been increasing drastically. Half of the visitors usually stay over night because they are mostly from the overseas. Local visitors are increasingly visiting Cambridge (Holloway & Taylor 2006). Out of the 4.1million visitors in 1999, 3.2 million were from the south Cambridgeshire while 10 percent of them were those staying overnight. It can be concluded that over the past years, the total number of visitors coming to Cambridge has increased by more than 200% since the 1970s through 1980s. The growth levelled in 1990s but during the beginning of the new millennium, a 10 percent drop was observed. This cannot be explained easily though the economic crunch that the world was facing could be the greatest contributor to this drop. It's estimated that in the year 2000, only less than half of the visitors came from the United Kingdom and those from overseas were largely from North America (Holloway & Taylor 2006). Most of the visitors come on holiday tours and sight seeing while few of them come on business trips. Most of the people who have visited Cambridge admitted that they felt welcome and only 2 percent did not feel welcomed. About seventy four percent of the visitors were able to recommend places they had received better services. Over the pas years, Cambridge City council strategy has had a policy of managing and not promotion of tourism activities. With the increasing number of tourist in the region, Cambridge City council cam up with a policy in 1996 to help the industry to cope up with the increased customer base and the resulting possible pollution to the environment (Page & Connell 2006). Resources There are several aspects that are being addressed by the Cambridge city council to improve the service of tourism and hospitality in the city areas so as to meet the ever changing client's demands and requirements. The city through its tourism strategy will be abele to allocate resources properly and manage customers. The provision of the resources will be based on the tourism vision of the Cambridge city while integrating and incorporating objectives and the policies of the region to be able to deliver quality tourism services (Davidson 1998). The Cambridge city plan

Different Types Of Network Devices

Different Types Of Network Devices Infrastructure security depends on the correct use of the network components. Network components are an essential aspect of the computing environment to improve the performance and security. The network components such as routers, switches and cables connect to the firewalls and gateways that manage communication from the network design to the protocols employed. If security fails then the availability of the system fails. Security failures can occur in two ways as follows: 1. Sometimes unauthorised users access the resources and data, which they are not authorised to use. 2. Security failure prevents the user from accessing the resources and data, the user is authorised to use. Both these security failures are serious. Hence, primary goal of network infrastructure security is to allow all authorised usage and deny all unauthorised usage of resources. 8.2 Devices Todays business environment consists of not only clients and servers but also network devices that are required to connect them. These network devices are called communication devices. These devices are hubs, switches, routers, LAN cards, gateway, modem, hardware firewall and so on. This also includes wireless access points, special-purpose devices such as Virtual Private Network (VPN) devices. Each of these devices has a specific network functions and plays an important role in maintaining network infrastructure security. 8.2.1 Workstations The workstations are client computers in the client-server architecture. This device is used to send and receive e-mail, to create spreadsheets, to write report in a word processing program and to play game. Many threats to information security can start at a workstation when it is connected to a network. Workstation security can be maintained by following basic steps as follows: Remove all share point that is not required. Rename the administrator account and secured it with a strong password. Remove unnecessary user accounts. Install an antivirus program and keep it updated. Disable USB ports in CMOS settings to restrict data transfer through USB devices. Install firewall between the machine and the Internet. Install latest patch for the operating system (OS) and keep the OS up to date. 8.2.2 Servers Servers are the computers in a network that host applications and data for users to share. Servers are available in many sizes, from small single CPU systems to multiple CPU systems such as mainframe computers. Servers use operating system such as Windows Server, Linux, UNIX and other mainframe operating systems. Server OS is more robust than the workstation OS and is designed to service multiple users over a network at the same time. Workstation security basic steps are applicable to server as well. 8.2.3 Network Interface Cards Network Interface Card (NIC) is a hardware device used to connect a server or workstation to a network. A NIC is used for particular type of network connection, either ethernet or token ring. In local area networks, ethernet protocol is the most common network type in use and RJ-45 is most common connector. A NIC is the physical connection between a computer and the network. NICs are available as single-port and multiport NIC. Workstation use single-port NIC, as only a single network connection is required. Whereas, server use multiport NIC to increase the number of network connections that increases the data throughput to and from the network. Every NIC has a 48-bit unique number, referred to as a Media Access Control (MAC) address which is stored in Read Only Memory (ROM). MAC address is used in the addressing and delivery of network packets to the correct system. 8.2.4 Hubs Hub is a central connecting device in a computer network. It connects multiple machines together in a star configuration with the hub as the centre. Hub broadcasts all data packets that are received, to all LAN cards in a network. The intended recipient picks the data and all other computers discard the data packets. Hub has five, eight, sixteen and more ports. One of the ports is called uplink port and this port is used to connect with the next hub. 8.2.5 Bridges Bridges operate at the data link layer of the OSI model. Bridges check the incoming traffic and decide whether to forward or discard it. 8.2.6 Switches Switches are a type of networking device similar to hubs, which connect network equipment together. In todays high-performance network environment switches have replaced both hubs and bridges. Switches operate at the data link layer of the OSI model. It uses MAC address of network cards to route packets to the correct port. Switches are intelligent network devices and are therefore can get hijacked by hackers. Switches are administered using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and telnet protocol. Both the protocols have a serious weakness. These two protocols send passwords across the networks in clear text. In such instances hacker can capture the administrative password. The major problem with the switch is that it ship with default passwords. If user does not change this password during setup, hacker can easily access it. Caution: To secure a switch, disable all access protocols other than a secure protocol such as Secure Shell (SSH). Use only secure methods to access switch will limit the exposure to hackers and malicious users. 8.2.7 Routers Router connects two or more computer networks and then exchanges packets of data between them. Each data packet contains address information that a router can use to determine if the source and destination are on the same network, or if the data packet must be transferred from one network to another. Routers operate at the network layer of the OSI model. It has two or more network interfaces through which network traffic is forwarded or blocked. They are used to segment networks into smaller subnets or to link multiple networks together. The router decides how and when to forward packets between the networks based on an internal routing table. Routing table tells the router which packets to forward. Routers allow technicians to explicitly deny some packets the ability to be forwarded between segments. For example, internal security features of some routers can prevent users on the internal network from using telnet to access external system. Telnet is always a security risk as the passwords and all communications are transmitted in clear text. Hence, do not create telnet sessions between the internal network and an external network. Router has the ability to block spoofed packets. Spoofed packets are packets that contain an IP address in the header which is not the actual IP address of the source computer. Hackers used this technique to fool the systems showing that the packet came from an authorised system whereas, it actually came from the hackers system. Router has the ability to drop such packets. Routers are available in various sizes, small and big and from different vendors. Small router is used with cable modem and DSL service. (Figure). Larger routers handle traffic of up to tens of gigabytes per second per channel, using fibre optic cables and moving tens of thousands of concurrent Internet connections across the network. 8.2.8 Firewalls A firewall is hardware or a software program that is used to protect an internal network from outside intruders. It is much like a wall with a window. The wall keeps things out, except those permitted through the window. (Figure.). Network security policies act like a glass in the window. Security policies define what traffic is permissible and what traffic is to be blocked or denied. For example, Web server connected to the Internet may be configured to allow traffic only on port 80 for HTTP and have all other ports blocked. Firewall allows only the necessary access for a function, and block or denies all unnecessary functions. 8.2.9 Wireless In wireless device, radio waves or infrared carry data, that allows anyone within range access to the data. Placing a wireless device behind the firewall does not serve, as firewall stops only physically connected traffic from reaching the device. The devices associated with wireless networking are wireless access points. The wireless network cards are used to communicate with the access points. (Figure). Wireless access points have a limited range within which they can communicate with the client systems. When planning a wireless implementation within a new construction, make sure that the external walls contain metal studs that are grounded. Create wireless shield by using thin layers of aluminium under the drywall. This will block radio transmission into and out of the building. This will also interfere with pager and cellular phone usage. Note: Applying secure transmission protocols and configuring the wireless access point to only accept authorised connections will help in securing a network. 8.2.10 Modems Modulator and Demodulator (Modem) converts analogue signals to digital and vice versa. Modems are slow method of remote connection that is used to connect client computers to remote services over standard telephone lines. Modems are becoming less necessary, but many corporate systems still have modems installed for remote access. In corporate network, modems are located in Remote Access Service (RAS) servers and fax servers. Corporate users remotely access their system configuring modem in their PC. This is done when no other remote access solution is available or the existing remote access solution is inconvenient. These types of situations can provide an intruder the entry point to a network. The best solution to avoid this is to implement a security policy to control the installation of modems on corporate systems. Also verify that systems which need modems are properly secure. 8.2.11 Telecom/PBX In the IT security field Telecommunication (Telecom) is often overlooked. Most small companies use a small number of dedicated telephone lines for both incoming and outgoing calls. However, in larger companies having dedicated lines for thousands of employees is both inefficient and expensive. Hence, to overcome these problems install a Private Branch eXchange (PBX). A PBX is a device that handles routing of internal and external telephone lines. This allows a company to have limited number of external lines and an unlimited number of internal lines. PBX systems are cost beneficial to large companies but they also have their own vulnerabilities. PBX s is designed to be maintained by an offsite vendor and therefore have remote access available. The remote access can be through a modem or through a LAN. Hence, disable these remote access methods to limit the susceptibility to direct remote access attacks until the vendor is notified that they need to perform maintenance or prepare an update. 8.2.12 RAS Remote Access Service (RAS) connects the client and server through a dial-up telephone connection. It is slower than cable and Digital subscriber line (DSL) connection. When a user dials into the computer system, authentication and authorisation are performed through a remote access protocols. RAS servers offer security feature such as mandatory callback. This allows server to call back to the client at a set of telephone number for the data exchange. For more information on remote access protocols refer chapter 9, Authentication and Remote Access 8.2.13 VPN VPN allows users to create a secure tunnel through an unsecured network to connect to their corporate network. In large environments, VPNs are less expensive to implement and maintain than RAS servers, because there is no incoming telephone line or modem. In addition, a higher level of security can be implemented as communications are encrypted to create a secure tunnel. 8.2.14 Intrusion Detection Systems Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) is a device designed to monitor network or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations. They are an essential part of network security. There are two main types of IDS that are used: network-based IDS and host-based IDS. For more information on intrusion detection systems refer chapter 11, Intrusion Detection Systems 8.2.15 Network Access Control Network Access Control is a method of network security that restricts the availability of network resources to endpoint devices as defined in the security policy. There are two main competing methodologies exist: Network Access Protection (NAP) and Network Admission Control (NAC). NAP is a Microsoft technology that controls network access of a computer host whereas, NAC is Ciscos technology that controls network admission. 8.2.16 Network Monitoring or Diagnostic The computer network needs continuous monitoring or diagnostic routine to keep administrators aware of the status of the network and allow them to take corrective actions to potential problems. This can be done through monitoring software or dedicated devices located on the network. Network monitoring or diagnostic equipment that is remotely accessible uses strong password and encrypted sessions to handle security vulnerabilities. 8.2.17 Mobile Devices Mobile phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) are the latest devices used to send and receive e-mail, connect to remote network applications, browsing the Web and so on. Many of the devices have word processor and spreadsheet applications and the ability to store limited amounts of data. Since these devices can be connected to the Internet, they are remotely accessible to potential attackers. Hence, use data encryption which is available in newer mobile devices built into their OS or use third-party software. 8.3 Media Media is used for transmitting data to and from network devices. The media can be either in the form of wire, fibre or radio frequency waves. There are four common methods used to connect devices at the physical layer as follows: Coaxial Cable Twisted-pair Cable Fibre Optics Wireless Coaxial Cable Coaxial cables are used for cabling televisions, radio sets and computer networks. The cable is referred to as coaxial because both the centre wire and the braided metal shield share a common axis. It is less susceptible to interference. Today, coaxial cable is replaced by faster and cheaper twisted-pair cable. UTP/STP Twisted pair cables replaced coaxial cables in ethernet networks. Single pairs of twisted cables reduce electrical crosstalk and electromagnetic interference. Multiple groups of twisted pairs are then bundled together and easily wired between devices. Twisted pairs are of two types: Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and Shielded Twisted Pair (STP). STP has a foil shield around the pairs to provide extra shielding from electromagnetic interference. Whereas, in UTP twist itself eliminates interference. Depending upon the data transmission, twisted pair cables are classified into three different categories as follows: Category 3 (Cat 3) It is used for data and voice transmission and for 10Mbps Ethernet. Category 5 (Cat 5/ Cat 5e) It is used for 100 Mbps fast ethernet. Cat 5e is an enhanced version of the Cat 5 specification to address far end crosstalk. Category 6 (Cat 6) It is used for gigabit ethernet. Fibre Fibre is a very thin piece of glass or plastic that has been stretched out and enclosed in a sheath. Fibre optic cable uses beams of laser light to connect devices. It transfers data over long distances and at higher speeds. Since it does not contain any metal part to conduct current, it is not vulnerable to electromagnetic interference. This also protects it from lightening strikes. Two major drawbacks using these cables are their high cost. Other drawback is the connection has to be optically perfect or performance will be downgraded or the cable may not work. Figure: Unguided Media Unguided media does not use any physical connector between the two devices for communication. The data transmission and reception is through the air or antenna and is referred to as wireless. The three types of wireless media are as follows: Radio waves Microwaves Infrared waves 8.4 Transmission Media Security 8.5 Removable Media Removable media is a type of storage device that can be removed from a computer while the system is running. These media introduces virus when they are attached back to the network. Theft or loss of organisation secret information stored on a media can be severe financial problem or it will effect on organisations reputation. These issues can be rectified by using security policies and software. The removable media are of three types: magnetic, optical and flash memory. Magnetic Media Magnetic media devices are hard drives, floppy disks, zip disks and magnetic tape. Each device is sensitive to external magnetic field. These devices are also affected by the high temperatures and by exposure to water. For the security concern about the critical and important organisational data, do not allow users to bring floppy disk inside the organisation, as they could contain viruses or other malicious programs. Another security policy can be applied by removing floppy disk drive from users computers. Encrypting the contents of a hard drive and tape ensures the security of data. Optical Media Optical media such as CD, DVD, blu-ray and optical jukebox hold the data in digital form. The data on the physical media is read and write by laser. Optical disks are not vulnerable to magnets hence, they are more reliable and durable than the magnetic tape. CDs are very vulnerable to being scratched. If the plastic disk from the media is scratched too much, the laser will be unable to reflect through the plastic and the data will not be readable. For security of data, do not allow personal CDs inside office premises. Only authorised users should have the access to these devices and for other users these devices should be disabled or physically removed from the computers. Electronic Media The electronic media uses integrated circuit technology to store the data hence they are more stable. Since these devices are small and portable, they can be used to store limited amounts of data when portability or reliability are key necessities. Smart cards, flash cards, memory sticks and CompactFlash devices are examples of electronic media. These devices are commonly used in digital cameras, mobile phones, MP3 player, video game consoles and so on. These devices are also used to transfer data between computers. Hence, they can easily carry the virus and worms with data. For security purpose run the antivirus software before transferring any data. 8.6 Security Topologies Multiple hardware devices are connected within a network and a key characteristics of a network is its layout or topology. Security topology is implemented in such a way that it provides the internal security and public access. For example, to place an online order the organisation will require Web servers which can be accessed by the users. Then the Web servers will require access to internal database servers and internal users will require access to different servers and Internet. 8.6.1 Security Zones Modern secure network have different layers of protection with outermost layer provides basic protection and the innermost layer provides the highest level of protection. Trade-offs between access and security are handled through zones with successive zones guarded by firewalls. The outmost zone is the Internet is guarded by the firewall. The internal secure corporate network and the Internet is an area where computers are considered at risk. This zone is called as Demilitarised Zone (DMZ). DMZ DMZ acts as a buffer zone between the Internet and organisations internal secure network. To differentiate the zones, a firewall is placed at both sides of the DMZ. The firewalls are placed in such a way that the Internet users cannot directly access the organisations secure data (Refer to Figure ). Web servers, remote access server and external e-mail servers are fall in DMZ area. Domain name servers and database servers which has organisation important data should not be accessible to the Internet users. As well as application servers, file servers and print servers of trusted network zone should be placed behind both the firewalls. The main idea behind using the DMZ topology is to force an outside user to get across DMZ before user can access information inside the trusted network zone. Internet The Internet is a worldwide connection of networks. It is used to transfer e-mail, Web pages, files, financial records between networks. It is an untrusted network as it is not possible to apply security policies. Hence a firewall should be present between organisations trusted network and the Internet. Intranet Intranet resides inside the trusted area of a network and network administrators can manage its security. Intranet Web servers contents are not available to the Internet users. The organisation data can be published to outside users with two methods as follows: 1. Information can be duplicated onto computers in the DMZ so that untrusted users can access it 2. Extranets can be used to publish data to trusted users. Extranet Extranet allows outside users such as companys partners, vendors, customers and resellers to share some of the business information with authentication and authorization. Extranet allows to access data available on the intranet mainly in the DMZ. To provide security and privacy of the information, extranet requires firewall server management or digital certificates or user authentication, encryption of messages. To protect it from unauthorised access use the VPN. VLAN Virtual LAN (VLAN) is network of computers and these computers are connected to the same broadcast domain, even though they are physically located on different location. VLAN s are configured through software hence they are more flexible. When system is physically moved to different location, without any hardware reconfiguration the system stay on the same VLAN. Increased network performance, easy manageability, less configurations and higher security is the advantages of VLAN.   Note: A broadcast domain is a network (or portion of a network) that will receive a broadcast packet from any node located within that network. NAT Network Address Translation (NAT) is developed by Cisco. It is commonly used in TCP/IP network. It works at OSI layer 3 which is network layer. It uses two sets of IP addresses, one set for internal use and other for external use.   NAT is a feature of firewalls, proxies and routing capable systems. It has ability to hide the IP address and the internal network from the Internet users. This feature of NAT reduces the risk of strangers to collect important information about the network such as structure of a network, the network layout, the names and IP address of systems, and so on. Hence, they cannot gain access of the network. NAT enables internal users within an organisation to use nonroutable IP addresses which means that these IP addresses will not be routed across the Internet. These IP address is called private IP address. The private address ranges are as follows: Class A 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255 Class B 172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255 Class C 192.168.0.0- 192.168.255.255 After NAT configuration, external malicious users can access only the IP address of the NAT host that is directly connected to the Internet. The users are not able to access any of the internal systems that go through the NAT host to access the Internet. When NAT is used to hide internal IP addresses (Refer to Figure), it is called a NAT firewall. Internal users communicate with outside networks through the NAT device such as NAT router (Refer to Figure). This NAT router has a routing table. This table keeps track of all connection requests that have come from internal network. Each outgoing request proceeds through NAT and replaces the internal users IP address with its own IP address. This IP address then forwards to the final destination. Returned packets look up in the routing table and forward the information to the correct internal user.   8.7 Chapter Review Questions 1. Which layer of the OSI model switches operate? (A) Physical layer (C) Network layer (B) Data link layer (D) Transport layer Ans: B 2. Which layer of the OSI model router operates? (A) Physical layer (C) Network layer (B) Data link layer (D) Transport layer Ans: C 3. DSL stands for ________. (A) Domain Subscriber Line (C) Digital Specific Line (B) Domain Specific Line (D) Digital Subscriber Line Ans: D 4. What should you do to secure data on the hard drive if the drive is removed from the site? (A) Encrypt the data (C) Archive the data (B) Compress the data (D) Keep strong password to log into all computers at the site Ans: A 5. Which is the most secure cable for implementing a secure network infrastructure? (A) Coaxial cable (C) Fibre cable (B) Twisted-pair cable (D) None of these Ans: C 6. What network topology area will contain public Web servers? (A) VPN (C) Firewall (B) VLAN (D) DMZ Ans: D 7. What network topology area will contain critical servers such as private Web servers, domain controllers or SQL servers? (A) Intranet (C) Internet (B) Extranet (D) DMZ Ans: A 8. What network topology area will allow business partners, customers to access the owners intranet? (A) Intranet (C) Internet (B) Extranet (D) DMZ Ans: B 9. Network access control is associated with which of the following? (A) NAT (C) IPv6 (B) IPsec (D) NAP Ans: D 10. The purpose of twisting the cables in twisted-pair circuits is to _____. (A) reduce crosstalk (C) increase bandwidth (B) increase speed (D) None of these Ans: A 8.7.1 Answers 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. A Summary In the chapter, Infrastructure Security, you learnt about Different types network devices such as Workstations, Servers, NIC, Hubs, Bridges, Switches, Routers, Firewalls, Wireless, Modems, Telecom/PBX, RAS, VPN, IDS, Network Access Control, Network Monitoring and Diagnostic and Mobile Devices. Different types of communication media between the devices such as Coaxial Cable, UTP/STP Cable, Fibre Cable and Unguided Media. Different types of removable media such as Magnetic Media, Optical Media and Electronic Media. Different types of security topologies such as DMZ, Internet, Intranet, Extranet, VLAN and NAT.

Richard Avedon: Changing the Future Through Art Essay -- essays resear

Bright lights, flashes going off, beautiful and famous people everywhere, creative set designs, and everyone working to make the photo shoot perfect. This was the life of famous Richard Avedon. Avedon is one of the most successful photographers of the 20th Century. He is known for his fashion, advertising, exhibitions and book photographs that he has done.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Richard Avedon was born in 1923, in New York City. Avedon attended DeWitt Clinton High School in the Bronx. He never completed his high school career, and in 1942 Avedon joined the U.S. Merchant Marine Photographic Department. When he returned he joined the Design Laboratory taught at The New School by famous art teacher Alexey Brodovitch. Through this class he started to become well known for his stylistically fashion work that often took place in exotic and vivid locations. Avedon was married in 1944 to Dorcas Nowell, a model known professionally as Doe Avedon. They divorced after five years. In 1951, he married Evelyn Franklin. The pair later separated. In 1945 his photography career began.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He began his career in fashion photography in 1945 with Harper's Bazaar, switching to Vogue magazine in 1966. A retrospective exhibition of his work was mounted in 1978 at New York City's Metropolitan Museum of Art. Richard Avedon was the first staff photographer in the history of The New Yorker in 1992. Avedon’s work was a very unique and new way of photography. He was wid...

Contingency Theory of Accommodation and Advocacy

â€Å"Contingency Theory of Accommodation and Advocacy† Contingency theory of accommodation/advocacy is a more realistic depiction of public relation strategies or models based on a continuum. The contingency theory represents the organizations possible stance on a wider range of publics than an individual one fostering rigid and exclusive categorization mostly found in a limited set communication models. Basically what the theory is getting at is opening the spectrum of the public to come to a more rounded synopsis of the issue or product. Amanda Cancel, Michael Mitrook, and Glen Cameron conceptualized the theory to offer a better understanding how the public relations field manages conflict and reaches out to the public in external communication. A study was done by 18 practitioners to see if the contingency theory made any sense to them. The theory itself offers 86 possible factors in the continuum at any given time to any given public. This allows the continuum offered to depict how an organizations stance toward one given public and not the outcome of the interaction with that public. The theory focuses then on what decisions led the organization to their stance in concern with greater or lesser accommodation to that public. One of the many factors suggests that more accommodation or more advocacy will be effective in gaining departmental and organizational objectives in the short and long term. The contingency theory further goes on to say that an accommodative stance, questionably a part of a two-way symmetrical communication may not be completely ethical, in fact it could be contrary and unethical to morally repugnant publics, for those who hold some positions to be morally absolute. A position of a moral magnitude holds more so than that of any belief in the dialogic process. This also bring into view ethical charges of paternalism and the convictions of an organization that advocacy is morally superior to two–way symmetrical communication. Communication processes such as dialogue, compromise, collaboration and cooperation denote agreement, but engaging in these degrees are not always on the highest moral position. In certain cases taking a moral stance means putting the ethical principle above two-way symmetrical communication. The contingency theory attempts to structure a better understanding to dynamics of accommodation and advocacy while institute the ethical aspects of accommodation to the efficacy in public relations. This is one sample method that was used in the study of contingency. The sample test consisted of eighteen different public relation managers, ranging from middle to upper class. There are varieties of large corporations and of the practitioners represents one from around the country. The practitioners selected all represent corporations that are equally or more exposed than other organizations to positive and negative contact with the general public. This is the first reason for their selection and the second reason is related to their overall knowledge of their corporation†s history and associated culture, in comparison to a part-time practitioner†s knowledge. The research was done in three logical divisions. The first section asked the interviewee about the valid continuum between advocacy and accommodation. The second section analytically covers possible variables that could affect the corporations† stances along the continuum and conveys associated models in conflict management. The third section summarizes the study into three groups: strongly supported variables, unsupported variables and new variables. Strengths for this study are insurmountable where in the entire variable range has such a broad spectrum that all aspects are covered. The variables of the business exposure and corporate culture are the two most allied aspects to the validity of the study itself. This offers the interviewer to collectively find out what is to be done and how it to be done in public relations to further a better advocacy of knowledge to public. The weaknesses that are also relative to the variables and the amount of time it takes to expend all the collected information of the interviewees. The study seems too extensive to possess any beneficial quality for the interviewer and interviewee and the information collected will not serve any purpose to the interviewee because they already are aware of what they know. An example of contingency of accommodation was where a Florida newspaper wanted to see how the public receiving their circulation felt towards it and what should be implemented in changing any problems the public saw as a hindrance. The contingency theory is, by any means, a good way of practicing public relations. One good test would be to see how accommodating one public stance and the corporation. For example, there is a property management company that owns a larger portion of the buildings in the city. A Planned Parenthood clinic wants to renew its lease but the company faces their other buildings being boycotted by anti-abortion groups. The property company hires you to try to advocate and accommodate the issues that are of major concern of this group. Is it possible to find a balance? What type of answers does the boycott want to here and what are possible changes for this altercation? The contingency theory possesses many positive attributes on focus toward accommodation of the publics† expressed feelings. The key asset of the construction is the emphasis of mutual communication and prescriptive input towards the public. In that, keeping a wide range of possibility and precedent for organization of apparent issues. The major weakness is extreme accommodation towards one public in turn causing total disregard of issues and disproportionate conflict to another. The motive is then fixed to two-way symmetrical communication and improved stance of the model.

What Creates the Tides and Determines Their Timing

The gravitational pull of the moon and the sun creates tides on the earth. While tides are most commonly associated with oceans and large bodies of water, gravity creates tides in the atmosphere and even the lithosphere (the surface of the earth). The atmospheric tidal bulge extends far into space but the tidal bulge of the lithosphere is limited to approximately 12 inches (30 cm) twice a day. The moon, which is approximately 240,000 miles (386,240 km) from the earth, exerts a greater influence on the tides than does the sun, which sits 93 million miles (150 million km) from the earth. The strength of the suns gravity is 179 times that of the moons but the moon is responsible for 56% of the earths tidal energy while the sun claims responsibility for a mere 44% (due to the moons proximity but the suns much larger size). Due to the cyclic rotation of the earth and moon, the tidal cycle is 24 hours and 52 minutes long. During this time, any point on the earths surface experiences two high tides and two low tides. The tidal bulge that occurs during high tide in the world ocean follows the revolution of the moon, and the earth rotates eastward through the bulge once every 24 hours and 50 minutes. The water of the entire world ocean is pulled by the moons gravity. On the opposite side of the earth simultaneously there is a high tide due to the inertia of the ocean water and because the earth is being pulled toward the moon by its gravitational field yet the ocean water remains left behind. This creates a high tide on the side of the earth opposite the high tide caused by the direct pull of the moon. Points on the sides of the earth between the two tidal bulges experience low tide. The tidal cycle can begin with high tide. For 6 hours and 13 minutes after high tide, the tide recedes in what is known as ebb tide. 6 hours and 13 minutes following high tide is low tide. After low tide, the flood tide begins as the tide rises for the next 6 hours and 13 minutes until high tide occurs and the cycle begins again. Tides are most pronounced along the coastline of the oceans and in bays where tidal range (the difference in height between low tide and high tide) is increased due to the topography and other factors. The Bay of Fundy between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in Canada experiences the worlds greatest tidal range of 50 feet (15.25 meters). This incredible range occurs two times ever 24 hours 52 minutes so every 12 hours and 26 minutes theres a single high tide and a low tide. Northwestern Australia is also home to very high tidal ranges of 35 feet (10.7 meters). Typical coastal tide range is 5 to 10 feet (1.5 to 3 meters). Large lakes also experience tides but the tidal range is often less than 2 inches (5 cm)! The Bay of Fundy tides are one of 30 locations worldwide where the power of tides can be harnessed to turn turbines to produce electricity. This requires tides greater than 16 feet (5 meters). In areas of higher than usual tides a tidal bore can often can be found. A tidal bore is a wall or wave of water that moves upstream (especially in a river) at the onset of high tide. When the sun, moon, and the earth are lined up, the sun and moon are exerting their strongest force together and tidal ranges are at their maximum. This is known as spring tide (spring tides are not named from the season but from spring forward) This occurs twice each month when the moon is full and new. In the first quarter and third quarter moon, the sun and moon are at a 45Â ° angle to each other and their gravitational energy is diminished. The lower than the normal tidal range that takes place at these times are called neap tides. Additionally, when the sun and moon are at perigee and are as close to the earth as they get, they exert a greater gravitational influence and produce greater tidal ranges. Alternatively, when the sun and moon as far as they get from the earth, known as apogee, tidal ranges are smaller. The knowledge of the height of tides, both low and high, is vital for many functions, including navigation, fishing, and the construction of coastal facilities.